Fine Print Knowledge Center
The online guide to print and design.
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- GAA
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The Graphic Arts Association
The Graphic Arts Association is the only regional trade association for the printing industry in eastern and central Pennsylvania, southern New Jersey and Delaware. The mission of the Graphic Arts Association is to be the leading resource for the printing and graphic communications industry in advocacy, education, and information to enhance the strength and profitability of its members.
http://www.gaa1900.com/
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- Galley
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1. The earliest printing of a work used by the proofreader and author to check for errors. Galleys are often printed on long continuous strips of paper.
Sometimes the term is used interchangeably, although incorrectly, with the term advance reading copy.
Also known as galley proof. See also proofs.
2. Typeset text in a one-column format, that is used as a proof before being divided into pages and the addition of running headings, etc.
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- Gamma
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The difference in the status of the color curve in electronic color correction. The color curve represents highlight to shadow values between current values and corrected values. Changing the color curve (making a gamma correction) increases or decreases the highlights, midtones, or shadows relative to the other points on the curve.
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- Gamut
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Refers to a range of colors that can be displayed or printed. The human eye can see a much wider spectrum of colors than the gamut available in any color model.
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- Gang Printing
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Grouping related jobs using same paper and inks. Grouping more than one job on a single plate.
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- Gang Run
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The combining of different jobs to be manufactured at the same time to take advantage of production economies. Jobs are generally similar in size, paper, ink colors and have the same special features.
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- Ganging
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1. Grouping art or photographs together for scanning rather than scanning each one separately.
2. To print two or more finished products on the same sheet during one press run
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- Gatefold
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When both sides of an oversize page fold into the gutter in overlapping layers.
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- Gateway
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Computer hardware and software that translate or link two different application programs or networking protocols such as allowing users on different e-mail systems to exchange messages.
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- GATF
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Graphic Arts Technical Foundation
Based in the USA, The GATFnstituted the InterTech Technology Awards in 1978 as an industry service to promote an understanding of advanced technology in the graphic arts.
Based in Sewickley, Pennsylvania and active in the printing industry. In 1999 the organization merged with the Printing Industries of America (PIA) and now has some 14,000 members in 60 different countries.
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- Gathering
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Inserting the printed pages, sections or signatures of a book in the correct order for binding.
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- GATT/TRIPS
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The wide-ranging international agreement to facilitate the free movement of goods throughout the world. TRIPS is that part relating to intellectual property rights and is an abbreviation for Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
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- Gauffered
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- Gaussian Blur
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A tool used to give images, graphics and photos a blurred or softened look. It is often used in the design of background graphics, which seem to be cushioned into the background.
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- GB
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Gigabyte
Equals 1,073,741,824 bytes. 1 gigabyte of storage equals 1000 megabytes of storage.
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- GBC
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General Books Council
A division of the Publishers Association concerned with general, or trade, publishing.
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- GBC Binding
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- GCA
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Graphic Communications Association
Former name of the International Digital Enterprise Alliance (IDE Alliance).
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- GCR
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Gray Component Replacement
A technique used in the color separation process that replaces the neutral gray portion in cyan, magenta, and yellow with black. Instead of the cyan, magenta and yellow to producing these grays, they are produced with the black ink.
GCR will deepens the shadow areas of an image that lacks depth and reduces the amount of ink required which speeds up drying time. Colors are easier to maintain throughout the run and may produce a more pleasing printed product.
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- Gear Chart
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A handy reference compilation of the various printing lengths, or repeats obtainable within the different gearing systems.
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- Gear Side
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- Gear Streaks
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In printing, parallel streaks appearing across the printed sheet at same interval as gear teeth on the cylinder.
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- Gelatine Silver Prints
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Were used from the early 1880s and are still in production today. A generic term referring to prints coated with silver salts.
Paper is coated with gelatine containing halides; sodium bromide is now universally used. The exposed bromides are converted to silver bromide by chemical development producing black and white prints of various tones of black through to white in different degrees of contrast.
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- GEM
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Digital Research’s Graphics Environment Manager
A graphical interface designed both to make the operation of software simpler for the non-expert and to allow programs to communicate with one another.
Two key desktop publishing packages, Ventura and DR’s own GEM Desktop Publisher operate under this environment.
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- Generation
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Each succeeding stage in reproduction from the original copy.
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- Generator
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A computer program that constructs data that is input to other programs so that they can perform a particular operation; e.g., a report program generator.
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- Genre
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A category of a certain type of writing, such as horror, romance, mystery, science fiction, and so forth.
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- Genuine Felt Finish
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A finish applied to paper by means of marking felts while the paper web is still very wet. These felts impart their distinctive textures by gently rearranging the paper fibers. This creates a soft, resilient, textured surface suitable for printing and relief operations.
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- Genuine Watermark
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A translucent image created in the paper on the paper machine, with the use of a dandy roller. Also referred to as a true watermark.
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