Fine Print Knowledge Center
The online guide to print and design.
- J-Card
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The printed cover stock that fits snugly inside a clear plastic cassette case.
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- Jacket
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The printed or unprinted cover, usually paper, placed around the bound book. Sometimes called Dust Jacket (dj), Dust Wrapper (dw), dust cover or book jacket.
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- Jaggies
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Colloquial term for the jagged edges formed on raster-scan displays when displaying diagonal lines.
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- Japan Vellum
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A smooth, glossy paper, made in imitation of vellum, generally a light tan color.
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- Japanese Papers
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Papers made in Japan using the fibers of native plants. Authentic Japanese paper, known in Japanese as washi (wa = Japan and shi = paper), is made from kozo, mitsumata, gampi or kuwakawa (mulberry tree).
Manual production involves dipping the sieve, which is usually made of bamboo, several times into the paper pulp using a particular rhythm.
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- Japon Vellum
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A smooth, glossy, durable paper that looks and feels a little like vellum but is made from native fibers and is produced in Japan.
Most commonly found in fancy or editions de luxe.
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- Java
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An object-oriented programming language for Internet and intranet applications. It was developed by Sun Microsystems and is platform independent – meaning it can be understood by Mac or Windows.
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- Java API for XML Messaging
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A Java application programming interface (API) for XML messaging that implements a SOAP-based protocol for sending and receiving messages. It has been designed as a standard, used universally by developers to expedite message conversions and to minimize a number of the previously required programming tasks for building, sending, receiving and translating messages.
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- Java API for XML Processing
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The Java interface and API for processing of XML, enabling the reading, manipulating and generating of XML-based documents through Java.
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- JavaScript
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A scripting language developed by Netscape Communications and Sun Microsystems, Inc. to enable Web authors to design interactive sites.
The code is included in a Web page along with the HTML code and is supported by recent browsers from Netscape and Microsoft, though Internet Explorer supports only a subset, which Microsoft calls Jscript.
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- JAXM
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Java API for XML Messaging
A Java application programming interface (API) for XML messaging that implements a SOAP-based protocol for sending and receiving messages.
It has been designed as a standard, used universally by developers to expedite message conversions and to minimize a number of the previously required programming tasks for building, sending, receiving and translating messages.
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- JAXP
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Java API for XML Processing
The Java interface and API for processing of XML, enabling the reading, manipulating and generating of XML-based documents through Java.
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- JDF
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Job Definition Format
1. A standard established for publishing applications as an open and extensible XML-based file format that builds a structure for multimedia document output but does not restrict it to a specific format such as HTML, PDF or similar.
It is designed to automate information exchange of custom specifications between all types of systems and application software. It is intended to create a seamless workflow for creating, managing and producing the transfer of published document files, the presentation of digital information or images, and the delivery or output of documents.
2. A format that grew out of an initiative by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG, Adobe Systems, MAN Roland and Agfa and now supported by CIP4. It forms the basis for the non-proprietary integration of print processes, is based on the XML formatting language and embraces a definition for describing print jobs, a message format and an associated transfer protocol.
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- Jiffy Bag
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A mailing package, generally a corrugated, padded or bubble bag, used to mail an article that needs protection, such as a CD or video tape.
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- JIT
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Just In Time
Term used in industrial production to describe a process where suppliers deliver their goods at the precise moment they are required in the production flow, thus eliminating any need for storage at the production location.
Just-in-time production requires efficient management, an effective logistics system, and a data link between suppliers and the manufacturer.
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- Job Estimate
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Documentation indicating the price of a specific printing job; given to printing customers before a job is run.
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- Job Lot
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Paper that does not meet specifications of the manufacturer or end user. For some reason it is no longer considered first quality. It may not meet standards or it may also be the overrun from an order. This paper is usable and can generally be purchased at a substantially lower cost than the first quality paper.
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- Job Number
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A unique number assigned to a job by a buyer or manufacturer.
The number allows the job to be tracked throughout production.
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- Job Printing
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Term used to describe lower volume or short-run printing assignments, for example for individuals or small businesses. Probably the oldest example of job printing is the letter of indulgence from the Roman Church which dates back to the 15th century.
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- Job Shop.
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- Job Ticket
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A form, used by printers and service bureaus, that contains the specifications for the job, such as size, inks, materials, construction and delivery schedules.
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- Jog
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1. The alignment of sheets of paper to form an even stack.
2. The offsetting of sheets in an output bin to help in the identification of the beginning of a new print job
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- Jogger
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A machine with a high vibration rate that is used in the finishing process to even up large stacks of printed sheets.
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- Jogging Up
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To make the edges of a pile of paper straight and regular or flush.
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- Joinery
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Wooden components of a building, such as stairs, doors, door and window frames, viewed collectively
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- Joint
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The flexible hinge where the cover of a casebound book meets the spine, permitting the cover to open without breaking the spine of the book or breaking apart the signatures; also called a hinge.
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- Jordan
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Proper name for the beater on the paper machine. In the Jordan, the pulp is pulverized, causing the pulp and water to mix in a uniform manner.
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- Journal
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A periodical or magazine, especially one published for a special group, learned society, or profession.
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- Journal Drive
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A disk drive (or disk file) used to record or log all document database storage transactions. This information can be used to reconstruct the transactions.
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- JPEG
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Joint Photograph Experts Group
A common format developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group for compressing image files in RGB mode, using which file sizes of images can be reduced by up to 95 percent.
Though it involves a loss of image information, the degree of compression can be selected so that the losses remain within acceptable limits. JPEG requires no license and is internationally standardized (ISO 10918).
It uses the “Discrete Cosine Transformation” (DCT) method, where image sections of 64 pixels each are processed.
A new compression method, known as JPEG 2000, is currently being developed, which uses what are known as “wavelets” and is said to be able to compress images by 20 percent more than JPEG with better image quality. JPEG 2000 will support non-lossy compression, as well as other color modes (such as CMYK) and color management.
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