Fine Print School | Glossary: P

Pel: A single dot or point in a graphic image.

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PEM: Privacy Enhanced Mail

A software application that provides encryption for electronic messaging.

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Pen Reactive Ink: A transparent ink that becomes visible with the use of a special felt tip pen.

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Pencil Carbon: A carbon paper that can be used repeatedly to transfer an image from one part to the next.

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Penetrating Ink: Penetrating inks contain a penetrating red dye that goes into the fibers of the paper and will show through to the back of the document.

Penetrating inks are commonly used on the arabic and MICR numbering of negotiable documents to deter forgers from trying to scrape the number off from the document.

If the number is scraped off the red stain remains on the document.

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Penumbra: An area of an image not directly lit.

There are two categories of shadows: umbra and penumbra. Umbra denotes completely shadowed areas and is formed when there is only one pointed light source, as a result of which the area behind the object is completely unlit.

Penumbra refers to partially lit areas, when the light source is not pointed or when there is more than light source.

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Per M: Per Thousand

A pricing unit commonly used in printing.

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Perceptual Rendering: A rendering method used to preserve the visual color relationship as it is perceived by the human eye, and in which, thus, the color values themselves may change.

The perception-oriented (perceptual) rendering intent reproduces the image taking into consideration paper, dynamic range and color characteristics of the output system, so that that the human eye perceives the image in the destination system (CMYK) true to the original.

In color space conversions, one can choose from perceptual, absolute colorimetric and relative colorimetric.

With perceptual all colors are shifted and compressed until the colors of the source color space fit into the destination color space.

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Perf: Perforation

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Perfect Binding: A type of binding where the book or magazine’’s binding edge is ground down and coated with a fast drying glue to hold pages together and then are affixed to a cover with a flexible adhesive.

This creates a squared off back.

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Perfect Bound: A binding method that utilizes a plastic glue to bind the loose leaves to the solid text block of a book or magazine.

It is used for paperback books.

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Perfecting: The process of printing both sides of a sheet of paper in the same pass through the press.

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Perfecting Machine: Usually a sheetfed press that prints on both sides of the paper in a single run.

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Perfecting Press: A printing press that is capable of printing both sides of the sheet in a single pass through its rollers.

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Perfector: A printing press that can print on the front and the back of the paper in one pass through the press.

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Perforating Rule: The steel rule that is used when the perforations that must be perpendicular to the direction the paper travels through the printing press.

The perforating rules are inserted into cylinders on the press and as the cylinders revolve, the perforations are cut into the paper.

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Perforating Wheel: The steel segmented wheel that is used when a perforation must be applied parallel to the direction that the paper travels through the printing press.

The segmented wheel rolls along the paper and applies the required cuts per inch as the paper is pulled through the press.

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Perforation Tear Strength: The amount of pull needed to break a perforation.

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Perforations: 1. A series of cuts on a sheet which are generally used to detach a portion of the sheet. Perforations may run either horizontally, vertically, or both directions on a sheet.

The area between cuts is called a “tie”.

2. Regularly and accurately spaced holes punched throughout the length of 35 mm film for still cameras.

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Periodical: Refers to a typesetting and printing job performed under a specific title on a regular basis with a similar layout.

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Periodicals: A mail classification for magazines, newspapers and other publications that get mailed in specified intervals.

They are delivered at least four times a year and usually have a list of subscribers.

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PERL: A C based programming language.

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Permanent Adhesive: A label with this adhesive cannot be removed without the label being destroyed or leaving residue on the object that it was applied to.

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Permanent Paper: A paper manufactured in such a manner as to resist chemical action which may result from impurities in the paper itself, as a result of materials or methods used in manufacture, or agents from the surrounding atmosphere while in storage.

A “permanent” paper, is one which resists the effects of aging to a greater degree than is usual in ordinary paper.

This quality of paper would be manufactured from 100% rag (new linen), flax, cotton, or hemp, undyed and unbleached, and produced by hand or machine. It would contain no loading or color additives, and beating and drying would be controlled so as to obtain maximum folding and tearing strengths.

These papers would be used for state or other archives, fine printing, treaties, political records, etc.

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Permit: Authorization required to mail without affixing postage.

A postage imprint, also referred to as an indicia, is used instead.

An advance payment is made to the post office and postage payment is deducted from that deposit.

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Personal Publishing: Distributing reproduced or printed materials for personal gain or self-satisfaction.

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Personalization: The printing of variable data on one sheet to the next.

The variable data may be a name, address, personal message or a combination of data.

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Personalized Page Markup Language: An open and extensible XML-based language used to describe the digital structure of a document.

Since the graphic arts industry relies on publishing high quality custom designed documents or products, it is important to create a lanuage enabling transactional printing, such as billing statements or personalized promotions to be output reliably and efficiently.

PPML assists to automate and increase the speed at which digital data or page descriptions are converted into raster data and then output with a high resolution.

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Personalized Printing: Refers to print runs in which the individual copies have distinctive imprints.

A minimum requirement for personalized printing is a digital printing process, which allows printing data to vary from copy to copy.

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PGP: Pretty Good Privacy

A freeware encryption utility.

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Fine Print Knowledge Center

Glossary: P

Privacy Enhanced Mail

Per Thousand

Perforation

Pretty Good Privacy