Fine Print Knowledge Center
The online guide to print and design.
- Re-Sized
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Usually means that all of the pages in a book have been “washed” and sizing material, such as gelatin or glue, has been re-applied.
The washing may have been done to remove stains, writing, or acid from the pages.
Sizing provides a protective finish and makes flimsy paper stiff.
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- Read Area
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- Read-Only Memory
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ROM
The part of the computer’’s memory where data is permanently stored and cannot be altered.
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- Read/Write Head
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A mechanism that reads data from or writes data to a magnetic disk, such as a disk drive or a magnetic tape drive.
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- Readability
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The ease in which text can be read. Readability is affected by many factors. Some of these factors are typeface, point size, leading, ink color, measure, as well as others.
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- Reader Spreads
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Mechanicals that are set up the way the reader would read them.
An eight page brochure would have pages 2 and 3 on one and pages 4 and 5 on another.
This differs from printer spreads that would have pages 2 and 7 on one and pages 3 and 6 on another.
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- Reading Copy
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Refers to the condition of the book; the text is readable and complete, but the binding is in poor condition and the text block should probably be rebound.
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- Ream
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A unit of measurement for sheets of paper.
Though formerly defined as a 480 sheets, in the U.S. the term now refers to 500 sheets or, in the case of a so-called printer’s ream, 516 sheets, regardless of the paper’’s size or weight.
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- Ream Weight
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- Ream Wrapped
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500 sheets of paper that has been wrapped in individual packages.
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- Rebacked
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The book has been given a new spine and the hinges have been fixed.
This process mends a book when the hinges are weak and the spine is worn and cracked.
See also Rebound and Recased.
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- Rebound
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The original binding of the book has been removed and a new binding has been attached and re-sewn.
See also Rebacked and Recased.
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- Recased
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The text block of the book has been put into a new binding.
The process usually requires new endpapers and gluing but not re-sewing of the binding.
See also Rebacked and Rebound.
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- Recipient
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- Reciprocity
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Most films are designed to be exposed within a certain range of exposure times-usually between 1/15 second to 1/1000 second.
When exposure times fall outside of this range-becoming either significantly longer or shorter-a film’s characteristics may change.
Loss of effective film speed, contrast changes, and (with color films) color shifts are the three common results.
These changes are called reciprocity effect.
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- Record
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A group of fields, of related data or words, that is treated as a single unit.
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- Record Type
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A method used to determine how information will be written to tape, which is based on the number of bytes per record.
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- Recto
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1. The right hand page or odd-numbered page of a book.
2. The front of the leaf; the page that lies to the right in an open book.
Rectos are the odd-numbered pages.
Also known as Recto Page.
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- Recto Page
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The front of the leaf; the page that lies to the right in an open book.
Rectos are the odd-numbered pages.
Also known as Recto.
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- Recyclable
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- Recycle Rate
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The time required to provide image processing and storage.
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- Recycled Paper
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Paper produced from 100 percent used paper.
Used paper fibers (also known as secondary fibers) can be used three to five times in this manner.
If the recycled paper needs to be pure white, de-inking chemicals have to be used to remove the inks from the used paper, and the fibers also have to undergo a bleaching process.
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- Red-Eye Reduction Mode
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A setting on a digital camera’’s flash which provides a short burst of light to close the iris of the eye and then a full burst of light from the flash.
This will reduce or eliminate the red dot (i.e., red eye) that appears in the image of the eyes of humans or animals.
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- Redigitization
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Process by which print originals in the form of film material are converted back into digital data using scanners and software.
The data can be stored in common file formats and then undergo further processing with the appropriate applications, thus allowing a print shop or prepress company to use the scanned films in a digital workflow.
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- Reduced Instruction Set Computer
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RISC
A computer that recognizes only a limited number of instructions.
Since the instructions are simple the comuter can run much faster.
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- Redundancy Check
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Data is verified electronically to be sure that it is in the same form in which it was sent.
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- Reel Spool
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The take-up roll around which the paper web is wound after reaching the end of its journey through the paper machine.
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- Refining
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Mechanical treatment of pulp fibres to develop their paper technical properties, such as ability to bond each other
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- Reflectance
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The amount of light reflected or transmitted from the paper’’s surface as seen by the human eye.
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- Reflection Density Range
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A measure of the light and dark densities of an original image, which serves as a means of explaining the limitations of reproducing a halftone image from the original.
The range may be stated as 2.00 which is measured as the difference between the highlight density value (the light areas) and the shadow density value (the dark areas) in a high quality photograph.
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