Glossary of Printing Terms:X

X-Lib

Ex-Library

Identifies a book that was once the property of an institutional or corporate library.

Usually there are noticeable marks and stamps on the binding and/or in the text.

It may also have library card pockets, and it often shows considerable wear and/or rebinding.

For collectors, it is worth considerably less monetarily than a book that has not been owned and marked-up by an institutional library.

XBM

X Bitmap

A black and white image format.

Xbrl

Extensible Business Reporting Language

An XML-based language most commonly used for automating the process of collaborative Internet tasks such as preparation, analysis and sharing of financial documents.

xDSL

Digital Subscriber Line or Loop

A family of technologies that provide digital data transmission over the wires of a local telephone network.

DSL originally stood for digital subscriber loop, although in recent years, many have adopted digital subscriber line as a more marketing-friendly term for the most popular version of DSL, ADSL.

Typically, the download speed of consumer DSL services ranges from 256 kilobits per second (kbit/s) to 24,000kbit/s, depending on DSL technology, line conditions and service level implemented.

Typically, upload speed is lower than download speed for Asymmetric Digital Subscriber

Line ADSL and equal to download speed for Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SDSL.

Also known as DSL

Xerographic Bond

Paper suitable to use for making copies on a photocopier.

Xerography

A printing method invented in 1937 by the American patent lawyer Chester F. Carlson that functions in the following manner: a drum coated with a photo semiconductor is charged up and then partially discharged by a motif projected onto it.

Dark areas retain their charge and toner applied to these areas remains in place. The image created in this way is then transferred to paper and fixed with heat.

Originally designed for copiers, the technology is now also used for laser printers and digital printing systems.

A plateless printing process in which electrostatically charged powder (toner) is bonded to paper using heat.

The imaging process uses the original artwork rather than a computer file.

More commonly know as photocopying.

XFDL

Extensible Forms Definition Language

An XML based language used to describe the appearance of forms including lines, boxes, text and other related components in order to define the data fields and layout for presentation and processing on the Web.

Xforms

XML Forms

An XML standard used to describe the purpose of a Web form and the way it is presented through the desktop, television and handheld browsers in order to provide a richer interface.

XHTML

Extensible HyperText Markup Language

The reformulation of HTML 4 with XML. XML is a structured set of rules used to define data to be shared on the Web.

It is extensible in that anyone can make up a particular set of markups for any purpose and as long as everyone uses the same markups, it will be adapted.

HTML has a fixed set of elements that cannot be varied.

With XHTML, new elements could be developed and added to the existing ones.

Elements from XML and HTML 4 could be combined, creating new ways to embed content and programming into the Web page.

It provides the means for Web authors to enter structured data while maintaining operability with users who support HTML 4.

XHTML looks alot like HTML, so it if you are familiar with HTML, it will be easy to learn.

XLink

An XML language used to link objects within XML documents.

XML

Extensible Markup Language

An open standard markup language used for Internet applications that is basically a metalanguage used for describing other languages.

While HTML language is limited in its ability to tag and define content within the file, XML is extensible and therefore is not limited in the number of tags that can be applied to descibe the content and how it is to be transferred, displayed or utilized.

This enables data and many of the processes using the data to be automated to a higher level of functionality for real-time data exchange between organizations.

XML is superficially similar to HTML, the primary difference being that the symbols (tags) used in XML can be selected with a larger degree of freedom, while they are fixed in HTML.

This feature allows special forms of XML to be generated for virtually any type of application.

XML is essentially a slimmed-down form of the SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) document description language defined in ISO 8879 and was created for transmitting richly structured documents via the World Wide Web.

The International World Wide Web Consortium is responsible for the standardization of XML.

XML Forms

An XML standard used to describe the purpose of a Web form and the way it is presented through the desktop, television and handheld browsers in order to provide a richer interface.

XPath

A language used to identify parts of an XML document so data can be located.

It may be used with a similar data locator language known as XPointer or XLink.

XPointer

A programming language, which is used to find data within an XML document.

It uses properties such as character content and attribute values to point to data.

It may be used with a similar data locator language known as XPath and XLink.

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